Jimcihii (Agoosto 12), waqtiga maxaliga ah, Waaxda Ganacsiga ee Mareykanka ee Xafiiska Warshadaha iyo Amniga (BIS) ayaa ku shaacisay Diiwaanka Federaalka xeer cusub oo ku meel gaar ah oo xaddidaya xayiraadaha dhoofintanaqshadeynta GAAFET (Full Gate Field Effect Transistor).) EDA/ECAD software lagama maarmaan u ah wareegyada isku dhafan ee qaab dhismeedka;Qalabka bandgap ultra-ballaaran ee semiconductor-ka oo ay matalaan dheeman iyo gallium oxide;afar tignoolajiyada sida gubashada korodhka cadaadiska (PGC) ee loo isticmaalo matoorada marawaxadaha gaaska si loo hirgaliyo kontaroolada dhoofinta cusub, taariikhda dhaqan galka ah ee mamnuucida maanta (Agoosto 15).
Afarta teknooloji, EDA ayaa ah tan ugu indhaha badan, taas oo ay suuqyadu u micneeyeen inay tahay xannibaado dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan warshadaha Chip China ee Maraykanku ka dib "Sharciga Chip iyo Sayniska", kaas oo si toos ah u saameeya shirkadaha gudaha ee naqshadeeya 3nm iyo kuwa horumarsan. alaabta chip.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, naqshadeynta 3-nanometer ayaa si dhif ah looga isticmaalaa Shiinaha hadda, saameynteeda muddada gaaban waa mid xadidan.
Marka lagu daro habka 3nm, 800V dallacaadda degdega ah ayaa laga yaabaa inay saamayso
EDA (Electronics Design Automation) waa farsamaynta naqshadaynta elektarooniga ah, taas oo ah qayb lama huraan ah oo muhiim ah oo ka mid ah naqshadaynta wareegyada isku dhafan ee chip IC.Waxay ka tirsan tahay warshadaha kor u kaca ee soo saarista chips, oo daboolaya dhammaan hababka sida naqshadaynta wareegga isku dhafan, fiilooyinka, xaqiijinta iyo jilitaanka.EDA waxaa loogu yeeraa "hooyada chips" ee warshadaha.
Tianfeng International Research Report waxay tilmaantay in haddii wax-soo-saarka chip-ka la barbar dhigo dhismaha dhismaha, naqshadda IC waa sawir naqshadeed, software EDA-na waa qalab naqshadaynta sawirada, laakiin software EDA aad ayuu uga adag yahay software naqshadeynta dhismaha.
ECAD (Electronic Computer Aided Design Software) ayaa ka baaxad weyn EDA, mamnuucidduna waxay ka dhigan tahay in dhammaan software-yada la xidhiidha la daboolay.Sida laga soo xigtay Waaxda Ganacsiga ee Maraykanka, ECAD waa qalab software ah oo loo isticmaalo naqshadaynta, falanqaynta, tayaynta iyo xaqiijinta waxqabadka wareegyada isku dhafan ama daabacan.Loo isticmaalo in lagu naqshadeeyo wareegyada isku dhafan ee isku dhafan ee codsiyada kala duwan ee militariga, hawada hawada, iyo warshadaha difaaca.
Farsamada transistor-ka GAAFET waa tignoolajiyada horumarsan marka loo eego FinFET transistor-ka (Fin field effect transistor), tignoolajiyada FinFET waxay gaari kartaa ilaa 3 nanometer, halka GAAFET ay gaari karto 2 nanometer.
Tani waa xakamaynta dhoofinta saddexaad ee uu bilaabo Maraykanku ka dhanka ah Shiinaha ee goobta EDA.Kii hore wuxuu ka soo horjeeday ZTE 2018 kan labaadna wuxuu ka soo horjeeday Huawei 2019.Marka laga soo tago qalabka elektaroonigga ah ee macmiisha ah sida mobilada Apple iyo kombuyuutarrada, chips-yada adeegsada habka ugu horumarsan ee wax soo saarka suuqa ayaa ah dhammaan chips-yada awooddoodu sarreyso, sida GPU-yada loo isticmaalo sirdoonka macmalka ah, iyo chips-yada loo isticmaalo xarumaha xogta iyo Cloud computing. .
Qaar ka mid ah naqshadeeyayaasha chip-ka ayaa sheegay in saameynta muddada-gaaban ee cabbirkan kantaroolku uu xaddidan yahay, sababtoo ah naqshadaha 3-nanometer-ka ayaa si dhif ah looga isticmaalaa Shiinaha.Qaar ka mid ah chips-yada AI iyo chips-yada GPU-da waxay isticmaalaan 7-nanometer, halka TV-yada, sanduuqyada-sare-sare, iyo chip-yada-baabuurta ay u badan yihiin 28 nm.nanometer ama 16 nanometer.Qaar ka mid ah dadka indha indheeya warshadaha ayaa aaminsan in Maraykanku uu doonayo in dhul weynaha Shiinaha aanu haysan qalab lagu naqshadeeyo chips-ga sare ee 3 nanometer iyo wixii ka hooseeya, nashqadana waxa ay ku dheggan tahay 5 nanometer, wax soo saarkuna waxa uu ku dheggan yahay 7 nanometer.Kadibna, masaafada u dhaxaysa Shiinaha iyo Maraykanka ee xisaabinta xawaaraha sare, AI macmal ah, iwm waa la ballaarin doonaa.
Marka la eego ra'yiga qofka jilibka ah, sababta ugu muhiimsan ee Maraykanku u xakameynayo EDA waa in la xakameeyo awoodda wax-soo-saarka chips-ka gudaha.
Marka lagu daro software-ka EDA waqtigan, laba qalab semiconductor ayaa sidoo kale ku lug leh: gallium oxide (Ga2O3) iyo substrates dheeman, oo labaduba ah qalab-bandgap ultra-ballaaran semiconductor.Alaabta noocan oo kale ah ayaa la filayaa inay ku shaqeeyaan xaalado adag, sida danab sare ama heerkul sare.
Qalabkan ayaa weli ku jira horumar oo aan loo samaynin si baaxad leh, tignoolajiyada ayaa inta badan ku urursan Japan iyo Maraykanka.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, jajabyada ka samaysan alaabtan waxay noqon doonaan kuwo ku habboon jawiga warshadaha badan sida tamarta cusub, kaydinta tamarta korantada, isgaarsiinta, iwm, oo sidaas darteed waxay noqonayaan mid xasaasi ah oo muhiim ah.
Tusaale ahaan, baabuurta tamarta cusub, hadda, shirkadaha baabuurta tamarta cusub sida Xiaopeng Motors, BYD, Li Auto, iyo BAIC Jihu waxay hore u geeyeen 800V technology ku dallaca degdega ah, waxaana la soo saari doonaa guud ahaan sanadkan.Aaladaha tamarta ee ka samaysan walxaha gallium oxide waxaa loo isticmaali karaa tignoolajiyadan dallacaadda degdega ah.
EDA gudaha fursad "horumar"
"Haddii aad naqshadayso alaabta chip 5-nanometer ah oo aad isticmaasho software EDA ee adduunka ugu sarreeya, kharashka waxaa lagu xakameyn karaa ilaa 40 milyan oo doolarka Maraykanka ah, laakiin haddii aan la helin taageerada software EDA, kharashka naqshadeynta chip 5-nanometer wuxuu noqon karaa mid aad u badan. 7.7 bilyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah.Doolarka Maraykanku wuxuu ku dhow yahay farqiga u dhexeeya 200 jeer."Qofka ay khusayso ee mas'uulka ka ah CAD gudaha ah (nakhshad ku-caawinta kombuyuutarku) shirkad software ayaa xisaabiyay xisaab.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, diiradda suuqa caalamiga ah ee warshadaha EDA waa mid aad u sarreeya.Saddexda kooxood ee EDA Synopsys (Synopsys), Cadence (Kedence Electronics), iyo Mentor Graphics (Mentor International, oo ay heshay Siemens ee Jarmalka 2016) waxay si adag u qabsadeen in ka badan 70% suuqa adduunka.saamiga suuqa, oo ay ku siin karaan qalab EDA dhamaystiran, oo daboolaya geeddi-socodka oo dhan ama inta badan geeddi-socodka naqshadaynta wareegga isku dhafan iyo wax soo saarka.
Saddexda shirkadood waxay leeyihiin astaamo u gaar ah badeecadaha, diiradda iyo faa'iidooyinka IP-ga (hanti caqliyeed) aad ayey u kala duwan yihiin.Alaabooyinkoodu waxay ku leeyihiin suuqa Shiinaha 85%.Tignoolajiyada habka naqshadaynta ee 3-nanometer ee GAAFET ee Samsung ay jabisay bishii Juun ee sanadkan ayaa la dhammaystiray iyadoo la kaashanayo Synopsys iyo Cadence.
Shirkadaha heerka labaad waxaa matala ANSYS, Silvaco, Aldec Inc, Huada Jiutian, iwm. Waxay leeyihiin nidaamka oo dhan meelo gaar ah oo aad ugu horumarsan xagga tignoolajiyada gudaha.Shirkadaha ku jira echelon seddexaad waxaa ka mid ah Altium, Injineerinka Fikradda, Hordhaca Elektrooniga, Guangliwei, Sierxin, Teknolojiyadda DownStream, iwm. Qaabeynta EDA waxay inta badan ku saleysan tahay aaladaha dhibcaha, waxaana jira la'aanta alaabada nidaamka-buuxa ee meelaha gaarka ah.
Inta badan shirkadaha nashqadeynta chip-ka gudaha ayaa wali isticmaala EDA software-ka warshadaha ee laga keeno si ay u naqshadeeyaan chips.Sanadkii 1993, Huada Jiutian waxay sii daysay software-kii ugu horreeyay ee EDA gudaha - nidaamka Panda ICCAD, kaas oo horumar ka gaadhay EDA gudaha min 0 ilaa 1.2020, suuqa EDA ee Shiinaha, marka la eego cabbirka dakhliga, Huada Jiutian ayaa gashay kaalinta afraad.
Bishii Luulyo 29-keedii, Huada Jiutian waxay si rasmi ah uga soo degtay Suuqa Ganacsiga Kobaca, iyada oo ay korodhay 126% maalintii ugu horreysay ee liiska, qiimihiisu suuquna waxa uu dhaafay 40 bilyan yuan.Huada Jiutian waxay ku sheegtay rajada in inta badan naqshadeeda wareegga dhijitaalka ah ee EDA alaabada ay taageeri karto habka 5-nanometer;Gelun Electronics ayaa warbixinteeda sanadlaha ah ku sheegtay in aaladaha qaar ay taageeri karaan hababka 7-nanometer, 5-nanometer, iyo 3-nanometer-ka.
Dakhliga Huada Jiutian sanadka 2021 waa 580 milyan yuan, dakhliga Gailun Electronics waxa uu ka yar yahay 200 milyan yuan.Isbarbardhigga tirsiga 1-aad ee adduunka ayaa dakhligiisu dhan yahay 26 bilyan yuan wuxuuna faa'iido ka badan yahay 5 bilyan yuan.
Tianfeng Warbixinta Cilmi-baarista Caalamiga ah waxay tilmaantay in deegaanku ay lama huraan tahay.Waxaa jira ilaa 40 waax-hoosaad oo ku jira silsiladda qalabka EDA.Saddexda kooxood ee waaweyni waxay ku guuleysteen daboolida dhammaan silsiladda warshadaha, halka hogaamiyaha gudaha Huada Jiutian uu hadda leeyahay heerka caymiska ee ku saabsan 40%.Kuwo kale Alaabooyinka soosaarayaasha EDA ee gudaha inta badan waa aaladaha dhibcaha.
Marka loo eego tirakoobyada, waxaa jira ilaa 100 shirkadood oo qalabka naqshadeynta ee Shiinaha.EDA waxay u qaybsantaa qalabka naqshadaynta chip-ka analogga ah iyo qalabka naqshadaynta chip-ka dhijitaalka ah.Qaar ka mid ah shirkadaha gudaha ayaa xalliyay habka oo dhan ee naqshadeynta chips-ka analogga ah.Qalabka naqshadeynta ee chips-ka dhijitaalka ah ayaa aad u adag.Qiyaastii 120 "qalab dhibcood" ayaa ku lug leh habka naqshadeynta, cilmi baaris iyo horumarin ayaa lagu sameeyaa qalab kasta.
Waxaa jirta aragti ah in xakameynta Mareykanka, sida kaliya ee lagu hagaajin karo heerka software EDA gudaha waa in si degdeg ah loo hagaajiyo heerka software EDA gudaha, iyo shirkadaha gudaha waa in ay midoobaan, xitaa Huawei HiSilicon iyo jaamacadaha gudaha waa in ay ka qayb qaataan. samaynta isbahaysi horumarinta wadajirka ah.Baahida sii kordheysa ee chips-ka gudaha, EDA gudaha maaha mid aan fursado ka helin suuqa iibsadaha.
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-15-2022